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- WORLD, Page 30MEXICOA Reprieve for the Church
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- Legislators finally bow to reality and vote to end more than a
- century of often brutal anticlerical policies
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- In even the tiniest, most impoverished towns of Mexico, the
- Roman Catholic churches are invariably well swept, well
- appointed and well attended. Yet despite the evident pride
- Mexicans take in their religion -- 90% of the country's 86
- million people are Catholic -- church institutions have been
- restrained since the 19th century by some of the toughest
- anticlerical laws anywhere. Restrictions enacted in 1857
- dismantled church properties. Sixty years later, after an
- outbreak of violence by Catholic guerrillas, the government
- responded with not only more property seizures but the massacre
- of priests. Through it all, the Catholic Church has maintained
- its profound social and political influence. Last week
- legislators bowed to that reality and legalized the status quo
- by voting to lift the anticlerical policies.
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- In successive votes, the lower house of Congress
- overwhelmingly approved constitutional amendments legalizing
- Mexico's religious organizations. The Senate is expected shortly
- to endorse the measures, and then the changes will go to the
- states for ratification. Under the changes, which will cover all
- denominations, churches will once more be entitled to own
- buildings and property. Members of the clergy will be able to
- vote and to criticize the government openly. No longer will
- priests have to hide their religious garb as they walk the
- streets. And the parochial schools they have run illegally will
- now be able to offer religious curriculums.
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- The move is well in keeping with the modernization
- campaign pursued by President Carlos Salinas de Gortari since
- his inauguration three years ago. He has sought a reconciliation
- with the church as part of his effort to encourage political
- pluralism, while scaling back the appearance of undue influence
- by his ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party. The reforms
- also serve Salinas' new fiscal laws, which are to be implemented
- next year. Now even members of the clergy will have to pay
- income taxes.
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